Exacum bicolor Roxb
Synonym E. tetragonum Roxb. E. perrottetii Griseb. Habitat Upper Gangetic plains and tropical Himalaya, also in South India. Ayurvedic Ava-chiraayataa bigger var. of chiraayataa . Folk Titakhana, Uudakiraayita Maharashtra . Action Stomachic,febrifuge, antifungal, bitter tonic. The leaves gave apigenin, luteolin, vanillic, p-hydroxybenzoic, protocate-chuic and p-coumaric acids. A related species. Exacum pedun-culatum L., found throughout India, ascending up to 1,000 m, is also used as a...
Mallotus philippensis
Habitat Throughout tropical regions of India. English Kamala tree, Monkey Face tree. Ayurvedic Kampillaka, Kampilla, Karkash, Raktaanga, Rechan, Chandra. Action Gland and hair of fruit purgative, anthelmintic, styptic. Used for the treatment of tapeworm infestation in scabies, ringworm, herpes. Fruit hypoglycaemic, spasmolytic, antibacterial. Capsule hair and glands gave phlo-roglucinol derivatives rottlerin, isorot-tlerin, iso-allorottlerin the red compound and the yellow compound . The red...
Atalantia monophylla
the gastrointestinal tract and bile ducts. German Commission E, The British Herbal Pharmacopoeia. It is contraindicated in tachycardiac arrhythmias, prostate adenoma, glaucoma, acute oedema of lungs. A. belladonna L. European sp. Belladonna, Deadly Nightshade is cultivated in Kashmir and Himachal Pradesh. The herb contains tropane tropine or solanaceous alkaloids up to 0.6 , including hyoscamine and atropine flavonoids coumarins volatile bases nicotine . Tropane alkaloids inhibit the...
SiddhaTamil Avil thol Ayil pattai bark
Action Bark internally and externally used in rheumatism. Stem bark paste in scabies. Seeds used topically on ringworm. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India recommends dried fruits in poly-uria and other urinary disorders. The stem bark contains the triter-penoidal fatty acid esters, holoptelin-A epi-friedelinol palmitate and holop-telin-B epi-friedelinol stearate , frie-delin and epi-friedelinol. The powdered bark exhibited lipoly-tic action and mobilized fat from adipose tissues in rats and...
English Sweet Broomweed
Folk Jastimadhu, Madhukam, Ghodaa-tulasi. Action Plant decoction is used for gravel and other renal affections. Leaves infusion used in fever, cough and bronchitis. Root febrifuge. Stem and leaves used in anemia, albuminaria, ketonuria and other complications associated with diabetes mellitus. An antidiabetic compound, amellin, occurs in the leaves and stems of the green plant. According to some researchers, hy-poglycaemic compounds were not present in the extracts obtained from dry plant...
Convolvulus arvensis Linn
Habitat Throughout India, up to 3,000 m in the Himalayas. Ayurvedic Bhadrabalaa, Hiranpadi. Action Plant cooling, anticonvul- Plant extract hypotensive in cats raises coronary rate. Alkaloids hy-potensive, without vasodilation. EtOH extract anticonvulsant in rats. Aqueous extract exhibited muscarinic and micotinic activity. The dried rhizome contains 4.9 resin. The cathartic action of the resinous substance is about one third of that of jalap Ipomoea purga Hayne resin. All parts of the plant...
Tabernaemontana coronaria
Synonym T. divaricata L. R. Br. Ervatamia coronaria Jacq. Staph. E. divaricata L. Burkill. Habitat Sub-Himalayan tract. Cultivated in gardens. Ayurvedic Tagar, Nandivriksha The Wealth of India Nandi Pushpa. Tagar is equated with Valeriana hardwickii and Nandivrksha with Cedrela toona. Action Leaves milky juice, antiinflammatory applied to wounds. Flowers mixed with oil, used in skin diseases. Root acrid, anodyne relieves toothache, also used as a vermicide. Various parts of the plant are used...
Artemisia absinthium Linn
Synonym Absinthium vulgare Gaertn. Habitat Kashmir at altitudes of 1500-2100 m. Unani Afsanteen, Vilaayati Afsan-teen. Folk Mastiyaaraa Punjab , Titween Kashmir . Action Choleretic bile and gastric juice stimulant , anthelmintic, stomachic, carminative, antispasmodic, anti-inflammatory, emme-nagogue, mild antidepressant used in chronic fevers. Key application In loss of appetite, dyspepsia, biliary dyskinesia. German Commission E. In anorexia, for example, after illness, and dyspeptic...
Ficus benghalensis Linn
Habitat Sub-Himalayan tract and Peninsular India. Planted along roadsides, and in gardens. Ayurvedic Vata, Nyagrodha, Bahupaada, Dhruv. Action Infusion of bark used in diabetes, dysentery, and in seminal weakness, leucorrhoea, menorrhagia, nervous disorders, erysipelas, burning sensation. Milky juice and seeds applied topically to sores, ulcers, cracked soles of the feet, rheumatic inflammations. Buds a decoction in milk is given in haemorrhages. Aerial roots antiemetic, topically applied to...
Heterophragma roxburghii DC
Synonym H. quadriloculare Roxb. D. Schum. Habitat Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu. Folk Pullunga, Paatang Maharashtra . Action Tar extracted from wood used in skin diseases. Leaf juice applied externally on toe sores and in chilblain. The flowers gave hentriacontane and allantoin the leaves contain ursolic acid and sitosterol. The seeds contain a saponin rhamnoside , lupeol, beta-sitosterol, stigmasterol and cubulin. The essential oil from flowers...
Vallaris solanacea Kuntze
Synonym V. heynei Spreng. V. dichotoma Roxb. Wall. ex G. Don. Habitat Throughout India cultivated in gardens. Ayurvedic Aasphotaa, Asphuka, Bhadravalli, Saarivaa-utpala white var. . Folk Haapharamaali var. Dudhi-bel Garhwal . Action Latex applied to old wounds and sores mildly irritant . Bark astringent. Seeds cardiac tonic. Seeds are rich in cardiac glyco-sides contain acoschimperoside P, mono-O-acetylvallaroside, mono-O-acetylsolanoside, mono-O-acetylaco-schimperoside P, vallaroside,...
Rungia repens Nees
Habitat Throughout India as a weed in moist places. Action Herb vermifuge, diuretic dried and pulverized herb is used for cough and fever. Fresh, bruised leaves, mixed with castor oil, are applied to scalp to cure tinea capitis a scaly fungoid infection . The flavonoid pigments in ivory-white and pale yellow flowers the plant also bears blue and pink flowers showed the presence of luteolin and chrysoerial 3'-O-methyl luteolin and their glucosides. Deep yellow flowers contain isosalipurposide...
Indigofera arrecta Hochst
Habitat The hotter parts of India, both in plains and hills, ascending up to 2,300 m in the Himalayas. Ayurvedic Darbha, Suuchyagra, Yagnika, Yagyabhuushana, Bahir. Action Diuretic, anti-inflammatory. The rhizomes contain flavonoids, together with lignans, graminone A and B. A sesquiterpenoid, cylindrene, and biphenylether compounds, cylindol A and B, are also reported. Cylindrene and graminone B show inhibitory activity on the contractions of vascular smooth muscles and aorta of rabbit...
Pergularia extensa N E Br
Synonym P. daemia Forsk. Chiov. Family Asclepiadaceae Periplo-caceae. Habitat Throughout India and hotter parts. English Hairknot Plant, Whitlow Plant. Vrischikaali, Vishaanikaa. Phala-kantaka. Ajashringi is a doubtful synonym. Siddha Tamil Utthaamani, Veli-paruthi. Action Plant Uterine stimulant, tones up urinary bladder, stimulates gastric secretion, expectorant, emetic. Leaf used for amenorrhoea, dysmenorrhoea externally applied to carbuncles. The plant gave betaine, a polypeptide,...
Cryptolepis buchanani
Family Asclepiadaceae Periplo-caceae. English Indian Sarsaparilla black var. . Ayurvedic Krishna Saarivaa, Jambupatraa Saarivaa, Karantaa, Shyamalataa, Shyaama, Gopi, Gopavadhu, Kaalghatika. Siddha Tamil Maattan-kodi, Paal-Kodi, Kattupala. Folk Karantaa, Anantamuula Varanasi . Action Blood-purifier, alterative. Used for rickets in children. In combination with Euphorbia microphylla, the herb is used as a galactagogue. A decoction of the stem is used as a supporting drug in paralysis of the root...
Abroma augusta Jacq
Synonym Ambroma augusta Linn. f. Habitat Throughout the hotter and moister parts of India, from Punjab and Uttar Pradesh, eastwards to Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya and Tripura, ascending to 1,200 m, southwards in Peninsular India. English Perennial Indian Hemp, Devil's Cotton. Ayurvedic Pishaacha Kaarpaasa, Pivari. Action Rootbark emmena-gogue used for dysmenorrhoea, amenorrhoea , abortifacient, galac-totrophic. The root contains abromine betaine , friedelin, abromasterol, abro-masterol...
Launaea mucronata
Synonym L. chondrilloides Hook. f. Habitat Western India, Punjab and Sind. Action Plant galactagogue. A decoction is administered in constipation. Ayurvedic Gojihvaa, Golomikaa. Gaozabaan, used in Unani medicine, is equated with Bor-aginaceae sp. Folk Vana-gobhi Paathri Maharashtra . Action Plant galactagogue, soporific, diuretic, aperient.
Folk Tohlab Kashmir
Action Herb used in intermittent fevers, rheumatism and asthma. Ranunculus muricatus Linn. Punjab and Kashmir is used in intermittent fevers, gout and asthma in Europe. The herb is rubefacient, vesicant and narcotic. Family Cruciferae Brassicaceae. Habitat Cultivated in Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Maharashtra and Gujarat. Ayurvedic Muulaka, Laghu-muulaka, Muulakapotikaa, Visra, Shaaleya, Marusambhava. Pods Sungraa, Singri, Mungraa.
Solanum dubium Fresen Family Solanaceae
Habitat Saurashtra Gujarat and Rajasthan. Ayurvedic Brihati related species . Action A decoction of the plant is prescribed for the treatment of ulcers. Habitat Sandy coast of Saurashtra Gujarat . Ayurvedic Kantakaari related species . Action Seeds are soaked and eaten in Africa for the treatment of venereal diseases. See S. xanthocarpum.
Ginkgo biloba Linn
Habitat Native to China and Japan cultivated in Indian gardens as an ornamental. English Maidenhair tree called Living Fossils in India , Kew tree. Action Antagonizes bronchospasm, used as a circulatory stimulant, peripheral vasodilator. Key application Standardized dry extract for symptomatic treatment of disturbed performance in organic brain syndrome within the regimen ofa therapeutic concept in cases of dementia syndromes memory deficits, disturbance in concentration, depressive emotional...
Areca catechu Linn
Habitat Native to Malaysia now grown along the coasts of Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal, Assam and Maharashtra. Ayurvedic Puuga, Puugi, Kramuka, Ghontaa, Guwaak, Ghorant. Siddha Tamil Kottai Paakku, Kamugu. Action Taeniacide confined to veterinary medicine , astringent, stimulant. Along with other therapeutic application, The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India indicates the use of dried ripe seed in leucorrhoea and vaginal laxity. Arecanut contains several alkaloids belonging to...
Hymenodictyon excelsum Wall
Synonym H. orixense Roxb Mobb. Habitat Central India and Western Peninsula. Ayurvedic Bhramar-chhalikaa, Ugragandhaa a confusing synonym . Bhringa-vrksha provisional synonym . Siddha Tamil Sagappu, Vellei Kadambu, Peranjoli. Folk Bhaulan, Bhramarchhali, Bhuurkunda. Action Bark astringent, febrifuge, antiperiodic especially for tertian ague . The stem bark contains scopoletin and its apioglucoside, hymexelsin yield 0.12 . The presence of glucose, fructose, galactose and several amino acids,...
English Horseradish
Action Circulatory stimulant, diaphoretic, diuretic, antibiotic. Used for both urinary and respiratory tract infections. Root liver, spleen and pancreatic stimulant an alternative to Cayenne pepper urinary antiseptic diuretic used in the treatment of gout, increases excretion of uric acid also for proteinura and vaginal discharges. An infusion is used for hepatitis. Key application In catarrhs of the respiratory tract and as a supportive therapy for infections of the urinary tract externally...
Girardinia heterophylla Decne Gisekia pharnaceoides Linn
Synonym G. diversifolia Link Eriss. Habitat Temperate and sub-tropical Himalayas from Kashmir to Sikkim, and in Assam and Khasi hills. Folk Bichhuu-booti, Awaa, Chikri. Action Leaves decoction is given in fevers applied externally to swollen joints, also as a paste for headache. Due to stringing hair, the plant causes dermatitis and is known as Bichhuu. mine and histamine, also AC-choline.
Xanthium strumariumLinn
Synonym X. indicum Koenig. ex Roxb. Ayurvedic Shankheshwara, Arishta, Aartagala. Siddha Tamil Maruloomatham, Marlumutta. Action Plant used for leucoderma, ulcers, abscesses, strumous and malignant diseases. Root antitumour. Leaves and shoots applied externally on venereal sores, herpes and scrofula. Leaves contain seaquiterpene lac-tones xanthinin, xanthumin, xan-thanol and iso-xanthanol. Leaves also contain isohexacosane, chlorobu-tanol, stearyl alcohol, beta-sitosterol and palmitic acid. A...
Commelina benghalensis Linn
Habitat Throughout India in moist places. Ayurvedic Kanchata, Karnamorata, Karnasphota. Siddha Tamil Kanavazhai, Kanana-gakarai. Folk Kenaa vegetable Maharashtra . Action Emollient, demulcent, laxative, diuretic, antileprotic. The rhizomes are starchy and mucilaginous. The plant contains n-octacosanol, n-triacontanol, n-dotriacontanol. stig-masterol, beta-sitosterol and campes-terol.
Garcinia hanburyi Hook f
Habitat Tropical forests of Assam, Bengal, Orissa and the Andamans. Folk Kaphal Nepal , Kujithekera Assam . Action Sun-dried slices of the fruit are used in dysentery. The latex is used as febrifuge. Gum-resin drastic cathartic may produce nausea and vomiting . The fruits from Assam contain total soluble solids 9.8, titrable acidity 4.7, total sugars 3.8 and vitamin C 8.64 mg g The latex gave xanthones, cowanin, cowanol, cowaxanthone and norcow-anin. Habitat Evergreen forests of Assam and Khasi...
Onosma echioides
Synonym Onosma hispidum Wall. ex D. Don. Habitat Kashmir and Kumaon up to 1,000-1,500 m. Unani Ratanjot equated with Onosma echioides Linn., according to National Formularly ofUnani Medicine . Action Astringent and styptic. Root bruised and used as application to eruptions. An ingredient of ointments for ulcers, scrofula, burns. Flowers stimulant, cardiac tonic. ed from the root. Shikonin acetate is obtained from callus cultures of the plant. The species, distributed in western Himalayas, is...
Unani Anjeer Teen
Action Fruit gentle laxative and expectorant. Syrup of figs a remedy for mild constipation. Fruit pulp-analgesic and antiinflammatory, used for treating tumours, swellings and gum abscesses. Latex analgesic and toxic. Used for treating warts, insect bites and stings. Leaf used in lucoderma. Bark used for eczema and other skin diseases. Key application As a laxative. Included among unapproved herbs by German Commission E. The leaves gave bergapten, psoralen, taraxasterol, beta-sitosterol, rutin...
Vernonia cinerea Less
Habitat Distributed throughout India. Common in waste places and road side. English Ash coloured Fleabane, Purple Fleabane. Ayurvedic Sahadevi, Uttamkanya-ka, Dandotpalaa. Action Plant febrifuge, diaphoretic infusion of herb, combined with quinine, is used against malaria . Used as a specific herb for leucor-rhoea, dysuria, spasm of bladder, strangury and for haematological disorders, as a blood purifier and styptic. Also used in asthma. Seeds anthelmintic, antiflatulent, antispasmodic used in...
Rhizophora mucronata Lam
Habitat The Sunderbans and along the Coromandel Coast and the Andamans. Siddha Tamil Peykkandal, Kandal, Sorapinnai. Folk Kamo Bengal , Kandal Maharashtra . Action Bark astringent. Used in the treatment of haemorrhages, haematuria. The leaves contain 9.1, unripe fruits 12.0, ripe fruits 4.2, twig bark 9-12, and wood 7-14 tannins. The leaves gave campesterol, cholesterol, 28-isofucosterol, beta-sitosterol, stigmasterol and stigmast-7-en-3 betaol. The plant gave alpha-and beta-amyrins, betulin,...
Dipterocarpus turbinatus
English Common Gurjun tree, Wood Oil tree. Ayurvedic Ajakarna, Chhaagakar-na, Ashwakarna. Action Oleo-resin known as Gurjan Oil or Gurjan Balsam stimulant to genitourinary system, diuretic, spasmolytic used externally on ulcers, ringworm and other cutaneous affections. Bark a decoction is prescribed rheumatism. Essential oil from oleo-resin contained humulene, beta-caryophyllene, a bicyclic sesquiterpene hydrocarbon and a sesquiterpene alcohol. The twig bark contains 9 tannin and 7.3 soluble...
Terminalia chebula Retz
Habitat Abundant in Northern India. Also occurs in the forests of Assam, West Bengal, Bihar, Assam, especially in Konkan. English Chebulic Myrobalan, Black Myrobalan. Ayurvedic Haritaki, Kaayasthaa, Pathyaa, Shreyasi, Shivaa. Jivanti, Puutanaa, Vijayaa, Abhayaa, Rohini, Chetaki, Amritaa according to some scholars, these represent seven varieties of Haritaki now used as synonyms. Unani Harad, Halelaa siyaah, Halelaa zard, Halelaa Kaabuli varieties . Action Gentle purgative, astringent unripe...
Platanus orientalis Linn
Habitat Native to eastern Mediterranean region cultivated in Kashmir and North-western Himalayas at 1,200-2,400 m. English Oriental Plane, Oriental Sycamore. European Plane tree. Folk Chinaar, Buin Kashmir and Punjab . Action Bark antidiarrhoeal, antiscorbutic, antirheumatic. Leaf astringent. Buds antiseptic, used for urinary infection. The buds yielded kaempferol, its derivatives and caffeic acid. The me-thanolic extract exhibits antiseptic and antimicrobial activities. The bark contains 1.5...
Bryophyllum pinnatum
Synonym B. calycinum Salisb. Kalanchoe pinnata Pers. Habitat Throughout the warm and moist parts of India, especially abundant in West Bengal. Ayurvedic Parnabija, Airaavati. Also known as Paashaanabheda. Action Leaf disinfectant, antibacterial used for boils, insect bites, swellings, burns, wounds . 104 Buchanania axillaris Desr. Ramam. Leaves, mixed with those of Aegle marmelos, are given in blood and amoebic dysentery. Leaves are also eaten to control diabetes. Leaves yield glycosides of...
Trema orientalis Blume
Habitat Throughout India in humid regions, up to 2,430 m. English Charcoal tree, Indian Nettle tree. Siddha Tamil Ambaratthi, Chenko-lam. Action Root astringent and styptic prescribed for diarrhoea, haematuria. Bark analgesic. Used as poultice for muscular pain. Root, bark and leaves used in epilepsy. The bark contains 16 tannin. Stem-bark gave triterpenoid alcohols simi-arenol and tremetol a triterpene sim-iurenone octacosanoic acid and 1-octacosanyl acetate. Alcoholic extract of the roots...
Dianthus carophyllus Linn
Habitat Kashmir commonly grown in gardens, especially on the hills. Action Flowers diaphoretic, alexiteric, cardiac tonic. whole plant vermifuge. Juice of plant A related species, Dicentra anatoli-cus Boiss, found in the Western Himalayas, is used as an antiperiodic in intermittent fevers.
Homonoia riparia Lour
Synonym Adelia neriifolia Heyne ex Roth. Habitat Eastern, Central and Peninsular India, up to 700 m. Ayurvedic Paashaana-bheda substitute , Kshudra Paashaana-bheda. Action Root diuretic, spasmolytic, antilithic. Used for urinary discharges. Leaf and stem depurative. Leaf and fruit used in skin diseases. The roots gave alpha-spinasteryl acetate. The fatty acid from the fat of roots gave myristic, palmitic, stearic and oleic acids.
Ammannia baccifera Linn
Habitat Marshy areas throughout India, as a weed. Folk Daadmaari. Also known as Paashaanabheda. Action Stomachic, laxative, antirheumatic, febrifuge. Leaves used externally for ringworm, herpic eruptions and other skin diseases rubefacient. Leaves contain lawsone. Plant extract antibacterial. Extracts of stem, leaf and inflorescence are more effective as compared with the seed and root extract.
Anchusa italica Retz
Habitat Indian gardens, and hills. Ayurvedic Gojihvikaa considered as a vegetable, equated with Launaea asplenifolia Hook. f., Compositae, Asteraceae. Unani Gaozabaan is a different drug. Unani Gaozabaan. Now equated with species of Boraginaceae, particularly Borago officinalis Linn. Imported Unani drug Gaozabaan consists of the leaves and nutlets of Anchusa strigosa Labill and Echium amoenum Fisch. and Mey. Action Stimulant, tonic, demulcent used in bilious complaints, fever, cough, asthma as...
Argemone mexicana Linn
Habitat Native to America naturalized throughout India. English Prickly Poppy, Mexican Poppy. Ayurvedic Katuparni, Svarnkshiri, Kaanchan-kshiri, Pitadugdhaa. Hemaahvaa, Himaavati, Hemavati. Not to be equated with Brah-madandi Tricholepis glaberrima. Siddha Tamil Piramathandu, Kudiyotti. Action Seed responsible for epidemic dropsy. Causes diarrhoea and induces toxicity. Oil, leaf juice and root used externally for indolent ulcers and skin diseases. The herb contains isoquinoline alkaloids. The...
SiddhaTamil Thazhai Thalay
Action Flower carminative, stomachic, cooling, antiseptic. Used for headache, ulcers, dysuria, scabies and other skin diseases. Root used for osteoarthritis, leucorrhoea and amenorrhoea contraindicat-ed during pregnancy. Leaves used for skin diseases, small pox, scabies, leprosy. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India recommends the decoction of the root in abdominal inflammation. Oil and otto stimulant, antispasmodic, antirheumatic. The chief constituent of the oil is methyl ether of...
Lepidium iberis Linn var alba
Family Curciferace Brassicaceae. Family Curciferace Brassicaceae. Habitat Bhutan, Kumaon and Kashmir, at altitudes of 2,1003,900 m. Action Plant used in impetigo. The herb, seeds and volatile oil exhibit properties similar to those of other Lepidium sp. Aqueous extracts of the herb cause a brief drop in blood pressure and depress respiration in mice and rabbits.
Actinodaphne hookeri Meissn
Habitat The western Ghats, Orissa and Sikkim up to 1,500 m. Siddha Tamil Thali, Paratathali. Action Infusion of leaves urinary tract disinfectant, antidiabetic, spasmolytic. The leaves contain a very small amount of an amorphous alkaloid. They also contain beta-sitosterol, hen-triacontanone, hentriacontanol and quercetin-3-rhamnoside and hydrocarbons. The bark gives an alkaloid, actino-daphnine. The roots contain a flavanone glycoside.
Pavonia odorata Willd
Habitat North-West India, Bengal and Konkan. Ayurvedic Vaalaka, Baalaka, Baala, Barhishtha, Hrivera, Ambu, Jala, Nira, Paya, Toya, Udichya, Vaari, Muurdhaja. Sugandhbaalaa also equated with Valeriana Jatamansi . In the South, Celus vettiveroides is equated with Baalaka. Siddha Tamil Peraamutti, Kastoori vendai. Action Plant anti-inflammatory and spasmolytic. Used in rheumatic affections. Root stomachic, astringent, demulcent. Used in dysentery, haemorrhages from intestines ulcers and bleeding...
English Caraway
Ayurvedic Krishna jiraka, Jiraa, Kaaravi, Asita Jiraka, Kaashmira-jiraka, Prithvikaa, Upakunchikaa, Sugandha Udgaar, Shodhana. Unani Zeeraa Siyaah, Kamoon, Kamoon-roomi. Siddha Tamil Shimai-shembu, Semai Seearagam, Karamjiragam. Action Carminative, antispas-modic, antimicrobial, expectorant, galactagogue, emmenagogue. Key application Seed oil in dyspeptic problems, such as mild, sapstic conditions of the gastrointestinal tract, bloating and fullness. German Commission E, ESCOP, The British...
Cleome icosandra Linn
Habitat Throughout India Tripura, West Bengal and Gangetic valley, as a weed. Ayurvedic Tilaparni, Hurhur yellow var. , Aadityabhakta. Siddha Tamil Nayikkadugu, Nalvellai. Action Seed carminative, antiseptic, anthelmintic for round worms . Leaf sudorific. Bark externally rubefacient, vesicant. Root vermifuge. The aerial parts contain a macro-cyclic diterpene, cleomaldeic acid, and a bicyclic diterpene, cleomeolide. The seeds contain coumarino-lignans, cleomiscosin A,B,C and D. The leaf extract...
Stellaria media Linn Vill
Habitat Throughout India at 6001,650 m. Folk Kokoon Jammu Safed Fulki, Buchbuchaa Delhi . Action Antirheumatic, anti-inflammatory, astringent, refrigerant, demulcent, emollient, vulnerary, antipruritic. Dispels excessive body heat, relieves irritation. Used internally for rheumatism, externally in the form of ointment for chronic skin conditions, varicose ulcers and abscesses. Applied as a plaster for broken bones and swellings. The plant contains saponin glyco-sides, coumarins, flavonoids...
Tylophora indica
Synonym T. asthamatica Wight amp Arn. Habitat Assam, West Bengal, Orissa and Peninsular India. English Emetic Swallow Wort, Indian or Country Ipecacuanha. Ayurvedic Antamuula, Muulini, Arkaparni. Siddha Tamil Nay Palai, Nangilaip-piratti. Action Leaves used for bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis. The whole plant yielded alkaloids including tylophorine, tylphorinine, desmethyltylophorine and desmethyl-tylophorinine, and a flavonoid kaem-pferol. The root yielded alkaloids, tylophorinidine and...
Diospyros embryopteris Pers
Synonym D. peregrina Gaertn. Gurke Habitat Throughout India in shady wet places and near streams. English Gaub Persimmon, Riber Ebony. Ayurvedic Tinduka, Tinduki, Sphu-urjaka, Kaalaskandha, Asitkaaraka. Nilasaara. Action Fruit and stem bark astringent. Infusion of fruits used as gargle in aphthae and sore throat. Fruit juice used as application for wounds and ulcers. Oil of seeds given in diarrhoea and dysentery. Ether extract of fruit antibacterial. Bark astringent and styptic, used in...