78 Steps Health Journal

Extrathoracic Structures

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In Holt-Oram syndrome (G-hH; Fig. 12-19), the upper extremity abnormalities may be evident in a chest roentgenogram or on other films in the patient's x-ray folder (see also Chap. 63). A large arteriovenous malformation with curvilinear calcifications may be seen in the neck, thereby providing a clue as to the etiology of the patient's congestive heart failure. Radiographic evaluation of the patient's abdominal viscera is an integral part of the workup for cardiac malpositions.7,8